1. Explain what happens to the brain when a stroke occurs.
When a stroke occurs, brain is noit getting enough blood supply and therefore is shortened of oxygen supply.
2. Briefly explain the differences between the three different types of strokes.
Ischemic stroke occurs when arteries are clogged by blood clots that lad to head. This type of stroke divides in embolic and thrombotic. Embolic stroke occurs when a blood clot form somewhere in the body, break off and travel to the head where they block brain's blood vessels. Thrombotic stroke occurs when a clot forms in the artery supping blood to the brain.
3. Identify some of the most common risk factors - in other words, who is most likely to have a stroke?
Old people, people with hich cholesterol and high blood pressure. And people who eat unhealthy things that makes them fat and clogs their arteries. also stress increases stroke chances along with genetics.
4. What disabilities can result from a stroke?
Paralyzation, death, unability to speak...Depending on what part of the brain is damaged during the stoke.
5. What is brain plasticity and what does it mean in terms of recovering from a stroke?
Brain plasticity is the ability of brain to change. This change occurs due to learning something new or a damage to the brain. While it was thought that brain doesn't form/destroy the pathways, it is possible even in adulthood. Stroke may change some pathways in brain as a result, slightly changing its functions.
Notes from video:
atroke every 45 seconds in america
stroke- brain attack when blood supply is damaged, results in death of cells and brain damage, skills controlled by that area are lost (speech, movement, memory)
effects on person dependson what area was afflicted and how much damage was done
ischemis stroke- 83% of cases, occur when artyeries are clogged by blood clots that lead to tyhe head- resultsin issufiecient oxygen supply to that part of the brain
divides into embolic and thrombolic
embolic when blood clot formss somewhere in the body and breaks of and travels to the head and blocks brain's blood vesels
thrombatic forms clot in artery suppling bloodto tye brain
hemorragic strokes- 75% of cases, more dangerous, when aa blood vessel in brain ruptures and bleeds into the brain causing pressure on brain tissue
intercerebral or subarachnoid
intercerebral occurse when bleeding occurs in thebrain itself, high blood pressure is the main cause
subarachnoid hemmorage occurs when blood spills to the spinal fluid around the brain causing it to be surrounded by conaminated fluid
Source:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=fKrXCly1kK0
http://www.brainandnerves.com/uk/blood-vessels-of-the-brain/stroke/
Thursday, February 21, 2013
Monday, February 4, 2013
Biology and Technology
Definition:
CT: computed tomography, uses x-rays and powerful computers to create cross section pictures of body
PET: positron emission tomography, uses a radioactive substance called tracer to look for diseases and shows how well tissues in body work
FMRI: functional magnetic resonance imaging, measures brain activity by monitoring changes in blood
How does each work?
CT: X-ray machine "scans" body, depending of which part is being scanned because radiation isn't healthy and is limited as much as possible by special covers. For some examinations a contrast dye is give to patient through IV, rectum or orally, depending on the examination, to make some parts to be clearer on the x-ray which can be in form of a photograph.
PET: The patient is given tracer, usually given through IV, asked not to eat 4-6 before the test. After the traces is absorbed, the patient is laid on a table and put into a special tube. The tracer goes through various organs through the blood system and is visible on monitors in 3-D which help diagnose the patient. This method
FMRI: Measures the amount of oxygen in blood. The neural activity in brain requires oxygen. fMRI uses strong electromagnet to see which part of brain is working based on how much oxygen is being used. This happens in a tube machine in which the patient lays motionlessly.
What is able to be learned through the use of each?
CT: Studying blood vessels, blood clots, broken bones, infections, stroke and bleeding in brain
PET: Brain function, cancer, heart problems, brain disorders
FMRI: Which part of brain is functioning
How can each be used to explain human behavior?
CT: May help unusual behavior by diagnosing patient as having a stroke. Another example is hydrocephalus ( build up of fluid in brain)common in old people and infants. The symptoms may be above all vomiting, irritability and sleeplessness.
PET: Helps to diagnose brain damage, dementia or tell the difference between Parkinson's or other movement disease. For example, PET may show the spiral way of how the brain cells die, which is symptom of Alzheimer's disease
FMRI: Scientists are able to go as far as "read mind" of a person by showing him/her a picture while in the machine, scanning which part of the brain is activated when the person thinks of this object/how to use it/ how to hold it/ his or her experience with it, and record this data. So far, people had very similar results for the same objects.
Sources:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007342.htm
http://psychcentral.com/lib/2007/what-is-functional-magnetic-resonance-imaging-fmri/
CT: computed tomography, uses x-rays and powerful computers to create cross section pictures of body
PET: positron emission tomography, uses a radioactive substance called tracer to look for diseases and shows how well tissues in body work
FMRI: functional magnetic resonance imaging, measures brain activity by monitoring changes in blood
How does each work?
CT: X-ray machine "scans" body, depending of which part is being scanned because radiation isn't healthy and is limited as much as possible by special covers. For some examinations a contrast dye is give to patient through IV, rectum or orally, depending on the examination, to make some parts to be clearer on the x-ray which can be in form of a photograph. PET: The patient is given tracer, usually given through IV, asked not to eat 4-6 before the test. After the traces is absorbed, the patient is laid on a table and put into a special tube. The tracer goes through various organs through the blood system and is visible on monitors in 3-D which help diagnose the patient. This method FMRI: Measures the amount of oxygen in blood. The neural activity in brain requires oxygen. fMRI uses strong electromagnet to see which part of brain is working based on how much oxygen is being used. This happens in a tube machine in which the patient lays motionlessly.What is able to be learned through the use of each?
CT: Studying blood vessels, blood clots, broken bones, infections, stroke and bleeding in brain
PET: Brain function, cancer, heart problems, brain disorders
FMRI: Which part of brain is functioning
How can each be used to explain human behavior?
CT: May help unusual behavior by diagnosing patient as having a stroke. Another example is hydrocephalus ( build up of fluid in brain)common in old people and infants. The symptoms may be above all vomiting, irritability and sleeplessness.
PET: Helps to diagnose brain damage, dementia or tell the difference between Parkinson's or other movement disease. For example, PET may show the spiral way of how the brain cells die, which is symptom of Alzheimer's disease
FMRI: Scientists are able to go as far as "read mind" of a person by showing him/her a picture while in the machine, scanning which part of the brain is activated when the person thinks of this object/how to use it/ how to hold it/ his or her experience with it, and record this data. So far, people had very similar results for the same objects.
Sources:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007342.htm
http://psychcentral.com/lib/2007/what-is-functional-magnetic-resonance-imaging-fmri/
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